ROOT CANAL TREATMENT (ENDODONTIC THERAPY)

What Is a Root Canal?

A root canal is a dental procedure that removes the infected or damaged nerve and pulp from inside the tooth.
After cleaning and disinfecting the root, the canal is filled and sealed to prevent future infection.

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Why Do I Need a Root Canal?

You need a root canal when the inner tissue (pulp) of the tooth becomes infected, inflamed, or dies.
This can happen because of:

• Deep decay or large cavity

• A cracked or broken tooth

• Repeated dental work on the same tooth

• Trauma (even without visible damage)

Without treatment, the infection can spread to the jawbone, cause pain, swelling, or even tooth loss.

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What Are the Symptoms?

You may need a root canal if you notice:

• Severe tooth pain when chewing or touching the tooth

• Sensitivity to hot or cold that lingers

• Swelling of the gums or face

• A pimple-like bump on the gum (draining abscess)

• Tooth discoloration or darkening

Sometimes, there are no symptoms—your dentist may find the problem on an X-ray.

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How Is the Procedure Done?

1. The area is numbed completely (you’ll feel no pain).

2. The dentist opens a small access hole in the tooth.

3. The infected tissue is removed, and the inside of the tooth is disinfected.

4. The canal is filled with a rubber-like material (gutta-percha).

5. A temporary or permanent filling is placed on top.

6. A crown is usually placed later to protect the tooth.

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Why Do I Need a Crown After a Root Canal?

After a root canal, the tooth no longer has a living nerve inside—it becomes more brittle and can easily crack.
A dental crown acts as armor, restoring full strength, shape, and function.
Without a crown, the tooth may break during chewing and eventually need extraction.

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What Happens If I Don’t Get a Root Canal?

If the infected tooth is left untreated:

• The infection can spread to the bone or nearby teeth.

• Pain and swelling may increase.

• You can develop an abscess (a pocket of pus).

• Eventually, the tooth may need to be extracted.
  Delaying treatment can also lead to bone loss and more complex (and expensive) procedures later, such as implants or bridges.

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Is the Procedure Painful?

Modern root canals are painless thanks to advanced anesthesia and techniques.
Most patients say it feels similar to getting a filling.
Any mild soreness afterward can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain medicine.

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What Should I Expect After the Procedure?

• Some tenderness for a few days is normal.

• Avoid chewing hard foods on that side until the final crown is placed.

• Take prescribed antibiotics or pain medication as directed.

• Maintain good oral hygiene and attend follow-up visits.

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How Long Does a Root Canal Last?

With proper restoration (crown) and good oral hygiene, a root canal–treated tooth can last a lifetime.